The Objective

The Background

The Task

You will be working with a population that is contained within a 15 X 15 square-unit area (225 squares), known as the board. Each square can be empty or it can contain an X indicating the presence of an organism. Each square, except for the border squares, has eight neighbors; North, NorthEast, East, SouthEast, South, SouthWest, West, and NorthWest.

Generation 1

The next generation of organisms is determined according to the following criteria:

1. Birth - an organism will be born at each empty location that has exactly 3 neighbors
2. Death - an organism with 4 or more organisms as neighbors will die from overcrowding. An organism with fewer than 2 neighbors will die from lonliness.
3. Survival - an organism with 2 or 3 neighbors will survive to the next generation. Generations 2 and 3 for this sample segment of the board are shown below:

Generation 2

Generation 3

The initial population, consisting of the presence or absence of an individual for each square-unit location are found in the file pop1.dat The first line of the file will contain 2 integers, the first of which is the number of time units in one time interval. The second integer is total number of time units to be used for the entire simulation. The remainder of the file contains 225 integer values separated by whitespace, where a 1 indicates the existance of an organism at that location and a 0 means there is no life there. You may assume that none of the integers found in this part of the file will be anything other than a 0 or a 1. I guarantee that there are 225 integers in this part of the file.

Here is the contents of the file, pop1.dat:

You will be reading the values found in the file into a two-dimensional array and then displaying the array, labelling it Time: 0. Then, you will need to calculate the next generation, store it in a new array and then copy the new array into the original array. This process could go on indefinitely and so "the game of life" is commonly used as a screen saver. For this project, you should only display the array at the appropriate time interval and quit when you reach the last interval. So, for a simulation with a time interval of 3 and a total time of 10, you would display the array at Time: 0, 3, 6, 9 and 10. Note that you always display Time: 0, as well as Time: X, where X is the total amount of time for the entire simulation, which you read in from the data file.

For the input file shown above, the original array should be displayed like this:

More details

• If you view the results of the simulation after each unit of time, the change in the population is less noticeable than if you wait for several time units before viewing, therefore the file contains the length of time of one time interval as well as the total time for the simulation.
• To begin, you will need to read in the data from one of the available data files, i.e. pop1.dat You are to use UNIX redirection for this program. You will need to read in the interval and total time and then read in the 225 integers into a two-dimensional array of integers.
• For each unit of time, the presence or absence of an organism in each square-unit area must be calculated, using the rules for birth, death and survival shown above.

Hints

• Since every square will be altered by its neighbors, and you must use the original values of each square for the calculations, you cannot just move through the array making changes as you go. This would give erroneous results. A second two-dimensional array needs to be made that will hold either the presence or absence of an organism that is being calculated for each square, while the original array is still intact to provide the values needed for the calculations.

The data files

There are several data files available for this project. The one shown above is pop1.dat. There is also a pop2.dat, pop3.dat and a pop4.dat, all of which may be found in my pub directory, /afs/umbc.edu/users/b/o/bogar/pub You should copy these files into your own directory. The executable and these data files need to be in the same directory. Here's how:

Change directory until you are in the directory where you will write your code and have the executable, then type the following command at the unix prompt.

cp /afs/umbc.edu/users/b/o/bogar/pub/pop?.dat .

Sample Output for pop2.dat

What to Turn In

You must use separate compilation for this project and should have a file, called proj2.c, that contains the function main() and any functions that are specific to this project. You will be writing some functions for handling two-dimensional arrays, that can be used as modules, so you should be adding those to your util.c file. You may, of course, have other .c and .h files, as you see fit.

Submit as follows:

submit cs201 Proj2 proj2.c util.c util.h
and any others needed separated by spaces

The order in which the files are listed doesn't matter. However, you must make sure that all files necessary to compile your project are listed.