Notes on coverage for the 2019 final exam

The 2019 final exam will be help in our classroom on Monday, December 16 from 3:30 to 5:30pm. It will be comprehensive, covering material from the entire semester.

Make sure you've read chapters 1-4 of the Semantic Web Primer as well as sections 7.1-7.3 and appendix A.

Review the presentation slides we covered in class

Understand the basic concepts underlying

• Ontologies and their role in providing a semantic schema for data
• XML and JSON, including their data models and serializations
• RDF, RDFS, OWL, including the data models and serializations, e.g., N3, Turtle, XML, JSON-LD and Manchester syntax (used in Protege)
• How a reasoner (like ones built into Protege) can use axioms derived from the meaning of RDFS and OWL constructs to infer new relations and identify contradictions in a knowledge graph
• The use explicit rules encoded in N3 or SWRL for making inferences from RDF data.
  • Understand the limitations of both OWL description logic reasoning and reasoning with SWRL rules, i.e., being able to give an example of something each can do that the other cannot
  • Be able to express an axiom given in OWL in SWRL and vice versa when it can be encoded both ways
• Understand the new profiles introduced in OWL2 (QL, RL and EL), the motivation for introducing them, and what limitations they each embody
• The ecosystem for creating and using semantic web data and knowledge: ontology editors (e.g., Protege), triple stores, SPARQL endpoints, browser-based knowledge graph explorer systems, (e.g., http://dbpedia.org/page/Alan_Turing)
• SPARQL as a query/update language for RDF knowledge graphs, writing simple SPARQL queries
• The use of Schema.org as a markup language/ontology supported by companies.
• The major schemes for adding semantic markup to HTML: RDFa and JSON-LD
• Understand the motivation for Wikidata and how it fits into the Wikimedia community
• Understand the Wikibase conceptual data model, used for Wikidata
• Be familiar with the features that the Wikidata Query Service uses, e,g, the SERVICE command for language-specific labels, aliases and descriptions.

In addition to questions at a conceptual level, it's likely that there will be the following kinds of questions

• Given a graphical depiction of an RDF graph, answer simple questions about it or give a serialization in Turtle
• Given a Turtle serialization, draw the graph of nodes and links that it represents and/or describe what it means in one or more English sentences
• Given a Turtle serialization of a small graph, answer questions about what it does or doesn't not imply
• Given a an English description of some entities and facts and some OWL classes and properties, represent the facts in the description
• Write one or more SWRL rules in the Manchester syntax (i.e., what Protege uses) to capture the meaning of a statement, e.g., if two people share a parent, they are siblings
• Given a set of triples and a SPARQL query, describe what would be returned by the query
• Given HTML with embedded markup in Microdata or RDFa, list the triples that it contains

You should also review relevant questions from past midterm and final exams

• 2018 midterm with answers

• 2016 final
• 2017 final
• 2018 final
• 2019 final